Furnace



v GRAF Feb. 12, 1935. v

FURNACE F red Nov. 14, 1930 Patented at. 12, 1935' r l. V p n n f Augusto Graf Mexieofl). F.-, Mexico p spatial-u; sa ba 114, 1930, sr ialinba saiii was. (c'lqlio-ns fli i The invention relates to thattype of furnace which is adapted "for the use of fuel eitherl of liquid or pulverized form, in. which the fue'lis companying drawing, in which injected or blasted into the fire-box of the furnace, airbeingi introduced in such manner' as to commingle with it and supply the oxygennecessary to combustioni' 1 1 Complete combustion is secured only by a thoriough adm xtureof theair with the fuel; Theoretically such admixture ispossible only'by prolonging the period of combustion or by thedevelopment of turbulence. Practically inasmuch as the air currents are introduced at high velocity and the size of the furnace. chamber. is restricted, particularly in locomotives in connection with which the invention is disclosed, the

duration of the burning period cannot be sufiiciently prolonged and turbulence must be depended upon.

Furthermore, the difficulty of securing an admixture of air with all portions of the fuel stream is increased by the fact that such stream usually assumes a fan shape.

In practice the supply of air is whollyor mainly provided through openings other than that at which the fuel is admitted, and the object of the present invention is to provide for the admission of air through a plurality of ports 'so conv figured and arranged that the entering air jets assail the column of fuel from different directions, thereby insuring a complete admixture of air and fuel within the combustion zone.

A preferred embodiment of the invention, and one which has proved to .be highly efficient, is hereinafter described and is illustrated in the ac- Fig. 1 is a detail central longitudinal vertical section of the fire-box andboiler of a locomotive;

Fig. 2 is a plan view on the line 2.-2 of Fig.

.1; and

Fig. 3 is a detail section of the fire-box on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. t A portion of a locomotive boiler is represented at 10. The fire-box thereof, generally. designated as 11, is bounded by a rear wall 12, which constitutes a part of the backhead of the boiler in which is provided a door opening 13; a flue sheet 14, and a bottom metallicwall l5, thelatter having avertical portion 16 through which a fuel nozzle 17 is entered, such nozzle being preferably. directed backwardly and slightly upwardly toward the wall 12, in order that the flame may circulate completely through the fire-box before entering the fines 18 which lead from theflue sheet 14. v n f I water protected, and p p ably lined with masonryyas shown at'19, which -may extend upwardly some "distance along the vertical walls and provide forthe desi1'ed.ar-'

rangement of air ports which enter through it. i The air induction ports are formed inthe bot tom of the firebox, and are preferably arranged in ihclined'from the vertical so as todeliver oblique line directlybelow the fuelst'ream. Theyare iv tothe fuel-stream but in the general direo;

long in form, their major axes diagonally cross-,, ing the vertical plane of the fuel stream,such. axes of adjacent ports being oppositely inclined.

By this arrangement and shaping. of the ports the fuel stream is assailed obliquely from below and obliquely on each side ofiitsvertical plane,

; and a thorough admixture of air with the fuel is secured by the resulting turbulence created. The air may be introduced in any desired man- ENT oF EgZ" l Theside, endand top' wallsof the furnace are the bottom wall is prefer her, ordinarily induction due to furnace draft being sufficient to provide volume and velocity. As shownin the drawing the'ports are six in number, those designated by the numerals .20, 22

both the necessary and 24 being inclined forwardly from left to right relatively to the vertical plane, and alternate ports, designated 21, 23 and 25, being oppositely inclined. The particular shape-and disposition of the ports, either relatively or with reference to. the vertical plane of the fuel stream, is not,

however, of the essence of the invention in its broader aspects. For example, the location of the ports of the two sets need not necessarily follow the same line, and the obliquity of i the several ports, particularly as to the vertical plane, may be varied. i

I claim as my invention i 1. A furnace having a fire-box, a fuel nozzle delivering into the chamber of the box through avertical Wall, a series of oblong air induction ports in the bottom of thebox, the several ports delivering to the fuel stream obliquely tothe generaldirection of its flow, the major axes of alternate ports being oppositely inclined to the t vertical plane of the axis of the stream.

2. A furnace having a fire-box, a nozzle for pulverized fuel delivering into the fire-box through a vertical wall thereof, a series of transversely oblong slots in the bottom of the box for delivering air thereto, the major transverse axes of alternate slots crossing the vertical plane of the axis of the stream at opposite inclines, and

, the longitudinal axes of the slots being forwardly inclined with reference to the direction of travel of the stream.

3. In a pulverized fuel furnace, in combination, a fire-box, a nozzle delivering a stream of fuel into the chamber of the fire-box approximately normal to the wall thereof through which it enters, and a set of oblong air ports ina wall of the chamber lateral as to the stream, the major transverse axes of which are oblique to a planev common to the set of ports and to the stream, such axes of adjacent ports being oppositely inclined.

4. A furnace having a fire-box, a fuel nozzlefor discharging an approximately horizontal stream into the chamber of the box, and means for delivering air currents obliquely and alternately to the opposite sides of the strea'm and in the general direction of its: flow. 7

5. A furnace having a fire-box, a fuel nozzle for discharging an approximately horizontal stream into the chamber. of the box, and means ,for delivering a succession of air currents obliquely to the opposite sidesand' bottom of the stream andin the general direction of its flow,

alternate currents attacking the fuel stream from opposite sides;

6,-In a pulverized fuel furnace, in combination, a lire-box, anozzle delivering a fuel stream into the chamber, and aset of air ports in a wall of the chamber lateral, as to the stream,

such ports having the form of slots, the major transverse axis of' the opening of each obliquely generaldirection of its flow, adjacent-air streams being oppositely inclined and following non-intersecting paths.

8. In a furnace, a nozzle for discharging a fuel stream into the combustion chamber, two

sets of air ports discharging obliquely across and in the general direction of flow of the fuel stream, adjacent air streams being oppositely inclined and following non-intersecting paths.

9.. A..furnace having a fire-box, a fuel nozzle delivering a stream .of fuel into the chamber thereof, a plurality of air ports in a wall of the :box approximately parallel with the fuel stream,

such ports being arranged in a line disposed ,in the samegeneral direction as the fuel stream, the several ports being oblong in cross-section, the longer transverse axes of adjacent portsoccupying intersecting planes, the longitudinal axes ofrthe" portsbeing oblique tohorizontal and vertical planes taken longitudinally through the fuel stream, such axes ofadjacent ports being oppositely inclined.

. AUGUS'IO GRAF. 

